Logico-Ontological Categories.
Philosophy 101. Introduction to Metaphysics. ESSAY 2: Logico-Ontological CategoriesWrite an essay of 3 to 4 pages, or 750 to 1000words. (This short essay is worth 30% of your final grade.)We are studying Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. The aim of your essay is simply to explain basic concepts as formulated in the Tractatus, with an eye to how the system of propositions laid out in the book outlines an ontologyframed by logical form.Toset the scene for the essay,consider:After Wittgenstein wrote the Tractatus (published, 1921), he taught elementary school in a couple of small villages south of Vienna—before working on philosophyagain.Consider a scenario in sucha village:After school with teacher Herr Wittgenstein, 9-year-old Inge is playing“football”(soccer) with her friends. Inge kicks the soccer ball toward a make-shift goal.Here is a state of affairs, or a complexof states of affairs.As you respond to the following prompt, draw out and analyze entities you find in the above situation, that is, various entitiesas analyzed in the Tractatus.Here “entities”include objects, states of affairs, etc., as addressed in the Tractatus.*What are the basic types of entities recognizedin Wittgenstein’s “logical”theory of the world? Follow precisely the formulations in the Tractatus, guidedby our class discussion.Verybriefly explain the following: world,fact, state of affairs, logical space, form, structure.* Apply the Tractatussystem of “logical”types of entitiesto the scenario above featuring Inge at play.That is, specify some of what would count as: objects, states of affairs, etc., as you find them in the scenario of Inge at play.* Briefly explain Wittgenstein’s “picture”theory of representationas sketched in the Tractatus.In the Inge scenario above, if Hanssays,“Inge kicked the ball”, what might be the proposition, thought,and state of affairsinvolved, and which entities representwhich, in the scenario. (Use your imagination to fill out the situation.)EXTRA CREDIT.* Recall our discussion of John Perry’s Dialogue on Consciousness.Briefly outlinethe theory of mind and body discussedin theDialogue as “non-eliminative physicalism”.Apply the Tractatus’“logical”structure of a situation where Inge thinks that the ball scores. How does her “thought”represent what in the scenario?
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