Common Sense, Science, Beliefs and Critical Thinking

Common Sense, Science, Beliefs and Critical Thinking.

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Common Sense, Science, Beliefs and Critical Thinking
Explanation of the relationships between and among common sense, science, personal beliefs, and critical
thinking: Common sense: “sound judgment derived from experience rather than study,” is one of the most
revered qualities in America. Science: Body of knowledge comprising of measurable or verifiable facts acquired
through application of the scientific method, and generalized into scientific laws or principles. (Science). Personal
beliefs: Personal beliefs are those impressionable sentiments that a person is conditioned with from the
environment within which he/she was raised. Critically thinking: Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined
process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information
gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to
belief and action
Explain the role each of these four elements plays in the practice of scholarship.
Nursing education has emphasized critical thinking as an essential nursing skill for more than 50 years (Dressel P,
Mayhew L). The definitions of critical thinking have evolved over the years. There are several key definitions for
critical thinking to consider. The American Philosophical Association (APA) defined critical thinking as purposeful,
self?regulatory judgment that uses cognitive tools such as interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and
explanation of the evidential, conceptual, methodological, criteriological, or contextual considerations on which
judgment is based (American Philosophical Association). A more expansive general definition of critical thinking is
in short, self?directed, self?disciplined, self?monitored, and self?corrective thinking. It presupposes assent to
rigorous standards of excellence and mindful command of their use. It entails effective communication and
problem solving abilities and a commitment to overcome our native egocentrism and sociocentrism. Every clinician
must develop rigorous habits of critical thinking, but they cannot escape completely the situatedness and
structures of the clinical traditions and practices in which they must make decisions and act quickly in specific
clinical situations.
Then, provide your own definition of belief perseverance and explain how it influences critical thinking. People
tend to hold on to their beliefs even when it appears that they shouldn’t. Belief perseverance is the tendency to
cling to one’s initial belief even after receiving new information that contradicts or disconfirms the basis of that
belief. Everyone has tried to change someone’s belief, only to have them stubbornly remain unchanged.
Finally, share at least one strategy that you might employ to ensure that you think critically in the presence of your
personal belief system.
Learning to provide safe and quality health care requires technical expertise, the ability to think critically,
experience, and clinical judgment. The high?performance expectation of nurses is dependent upon the nurses?
continual learning, professional accountability, independent and interdependent decision making, and creative
problem?solving abilities